WEDDING
TRADITION OF BUGIS ETHNIC IN SOUTH SULAWESI
(Ethnografi
of South Sulawesi)
Paper
Submitted in Partial
Fulfilment of the Requirements for University Lecture
By
KHALIL
NURUL ISLAM
Reg.No
: 30700115027
Lecturer
Dra.
Marhany Malik M.Hum
THE
FACULITY OF USHULUDDIN PHILOSOPHY AND
POLITICS
UIN
ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR
2017
2017
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In
the Name of Allah the Beneficent and the Merciful , All Praise be to Allah who
gives writer guidance and strength in completing this paper. And Shalawat and Salam or Peace
and Blessing be upon the our Prophet
Muhammad saw, his families, his relatives, and his followers.
Firstly
we want to say thank , or deeply gratefull to our advisor or our teacher Dra.
Marhany Malik M.Hum. who had given
us working paper , guided us, and trained
us to be well more than before and be professional for the field of our study in the lecture.
Secondly
we also apologize for the mistakes and
errors inherent in our paper, therefore
we ask for suggestions and criticsm that will lead us towards a better
direction.
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. The Background of Researh
It’s no
secret that Indonesian Country had many cultural, like ethnic, tradition,
religion and other many different tradition between ethnic, how this is occur
in Indonesian Country, because as long as we know that Indonesian Country had many
Islands, and each Islands had climate and weather who made Indonesian People
had different culture. but we have to greatfull because although we had
different culture that’s not make us disconnected cause we have Slogan “
Bhineka Tunggal Ika” “Although We are Different but We are United”.
About
several culture, Allah had State in the Holy Qur’an in sura al-Hujurat verse 13
;
يا
أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّا خَلَقْناكُمْ مِنْ ذَكَرٍ وَأُنْثى وَجَعَلْناكُمْ شُعُوباً
وَقَبائِلَ لِتَعارَفُوا إِنَّ أَكْرَمَكُمْ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ أَتْقاكُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ
عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ
Transtlate;
O Minkind, Indeed We have created you from male and
female and made you people and tribes that you may know one another. Indeed, the
most noblem of you in the sight of Allah is the most righteous of you. Indeed,
Allah is knowing and acquainted.
And
about Indonesian Culture, there is culture from South Sulawesi who different
from other culture exactly in Bugis Ethnic. The culture is related to wedding
tradition specially about Uang Panai’ they are mentioned.
The
culture of Bugis in wedding tradition is very popular, even uang Panai’ become
a film who showed in many cinema.
Therefore
we are interesting to explain and describe about one culture in South Sulawesi,
and we give a tittle “Wedding
Tradition of Bugis Ethnic in South Sulawesi”
B. Problem formulation
1. Why is Wedding tradition of Bugis Ethnic in South Sulawesi?
C.
Aim
1. One of the Aim this reseach is to know
about Bugis Tradition spesially about wedding tradition of Bugis Ethnic in South Sulawesi.
CHAPTER II
EXPLANATION
A. Ethnic Bugis and Their Culture ( Uang Panai’)
The
Bugis or Buginese People are an ethnic group, the most numerous of the three
major linguistic and ethnic groups of South Sulawesi, in the southwestern
province of Sulawesi, Third largest Island of Indonesia.[1] The Bugis in 1605
converted to Islam from Animism.[2] some Bugis converted to
Christianity by means of marriage, but they have remained a minority.[3]
Although
many Buginese People live in the large port cities of Makassar and Pare pare,
the majority are farmers who grow wet rice on the lowland plains to the north
and west of the town of Maros. The Name Bugis is an enonym which represents on
older form of the name Ugi is the endonym.
The
Buginese People speak a distinct regional language in addition to Indonesian,
called Basa Ugi, Bugis, or Buginese. In Reality, there are several dialects,
some of wich are sufficiently different from others to be considered separate
languages . Buginese Language belongs to the South Sulawesi language group other
members include Makassarese Language, Torajan, Mandar, and Enrekang, each being a series of
dialects.[4]
About
lifestyle of Buginese, most present-day Buginese now earn their living as rice
farmers, traders, or fisherman, woman help with the agricultural cycle and work
in the homes.
Many
of the marriages are still arranged by parents and ideally take place between
by cousins. A newlywed couple often lives with the wife’s family for the first
few years of their marriage.
We
usually find the class in Buginese People as below;
1. Noble
or Arung in Buginese and Karaeng in Makassar
2. Daeng
is class under Noble Group
3. Tosama
is class of human or someone in society community is not Daeng, Arung, or
Karaeng but also not Ata
4. Ata
is youngster , someone in society who always just common people who have not
power, except allow all commands from Noble Class and other.[5]
Linguistic
study by B.F>. Matthes found that ancient South Sulawesi had written
tradition using Indian Writing , in both Bugis who Used a language called Ugi,
and the Makassar used a language called Mangsara. It is preserved on lontar
leaves or paper. The writing is known as Aksara Lontara. Aksara is Sanskrit
word for alphabet, and lontara is palm leaves.[6]
The
wedding ceremony in Bugis is called Mappabotting that have the meaning to take one
another . Marriage is mutual bond between two people of the opposite sex to
establish a familial relationship . The term of Marriage in Bugis is also
called Mabbine that means planting the seeds for the next family.[7]
Mappapbotting
in Bugis language that’s meaning perform a wedding ceremony, while, wedding
therminology in Bugis mentioned Siala that’s mean take one another, therefore
the wedding is combination on both sides between two human have different
gender for wreathe a relationship ( Christian pelras, 2006 : 178).[8]
Before
get Married, there are many stages that need to be done for common Bugis People
. for the man who has not been betrothed then usually the family will find a
spouse that is considered appropriate and suitable.[9]
If
someone people in South Sulawesi at Buginese Ethnic we can find before get
married they must give some money or They called Uang Panai’.
Before
get married (akad) or couple affirmation, there are activity discussion’s offer
about amount Uang Panai’ will given. It’s Standard depend with who asked Uang Panai’
Different with Mahar. Mahar is alone, and about Uang Panai’ only present in
wedding tradition of Bugis-Makassar. may be in other ethnic also present discussion
money offer but it’s name different. More Education their woman high, Also more
high Uang Panai’ will given. Undergraduate program (S1) different with Master’s
program (S2), Uang Panai’s amount decided by woman’s education. but in good
information that before there is deal word about Uang Panai’s amount, that is
can discussioned with her family, if man’s family near with women’s family, so
the negosiation will easy to doing. not impossible may be has been close with
her family , the Uang Panai’ is will not high given from woman’s family.
Why
there is Uang Panai’ ?. Cause is Symbol of fight who must doing by man for get
women’s love who adore. According to the Bugis Tradition, love is something
expensive and not easy human get it. The more again if woman have high quality
who standarded by education, and generation, not beautifull of any kind but
also good and have quality, that is value who rised by Uang Panai’ tradition of
Bugis-Makassar ethnic.
Other
tradition mentioned Uang Panai’ is a model and representation from ethnic Bugis’s
tradition a fisherman. they are usually take adventure on the sea for find a
prosperity and when they come back , they are ask for the hand their woman’s
adore who wait them.[10]
CHAPTER III
CLOSING
A. Conclusion
1. The
Bugis or Buginese People are an ethnic group, the most numerous of the three
major linguistic and ethnic groups of South Sulawesi, Buginese had many
tradition one of them is the wedding ceremony in Bugis is called Mappabotting
that have the meaning to take an each other. Before get married (akad) or
couple affirmation, there are activity discussion’s offer about Uang Panai’s amount
will given. It’s standarded depend with who asked. Uang Panai’ Different with
Mahar. Mahar is alone, and about Uang Panai’ only present in wedding tradition
of Bugis-Makassar, may be in other ethnic also present discussion money offer
but it’s name different. Why there is Uang Panai’ ?. Cause is symbol of fight
who must doing by man for get women’s love who adore. According to the Bugis
Tradition, Love is something expensive and not easy human get it, the more
again if woman have high quality who standarded by education, and generation. Not
beautifull of any kind but also good and have quality, that is value who rised
by Uang Panai’ tradition of Bugis-Makassar ethnic
BIBLIOGRAPHY
“10 Types of Indonesian Wedding Culture
– Ceremonies and Customs”
http://factsofindonesia.com/Indonesian-wedding-culture. (27 Mei 2017) .
Abdul Rahim Mallewang. Pengantar
Sosiologi. Makassar: Gunadarma Ilmu, 2013
“Bugis, Wikipedia the free
Encyclopedia. http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugis (27 Mei 2017 , dikutip
dalam Akhsan Na’im, Hendry Syaputra (2011). Kewarganegaraan, Suku Bangsa,
Agama, dan Bahasa sehari-hari Penduduk Indonesia Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2010.
Badan Pusat Statistik. ISBN 97890644175.
“Bugis, Wikipedia the free Encyclopedia. http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugis
(27
Mei 2017 , dikutip dalam Keat Gin Ooi, Southeast Asia: A Historical
Encyclopedia, From Angkor Wat to East Timor.ABC-CLIO, 2004. ISBN
1-57607-770-5
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(27
Mei 2017 , dikutip dalam Said, Nurman ( Summer 2004) . Religion and cultural
Identity Among the Bugis ( A pliminary Remark ).Inter-Religio (journal).
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(27
Mei 2017 , dikutip dalam Mills, R.F. 1975. Proto South Sulawesi and Proto Austronesian
Phonology. Ph.D Thesis, University of Michingan.
“Mappabotting : Upacara adat perkawinan
Orang Bugis Sulawesi Selatan” http://Melayuonline.com/ind/culture/dig/2622/mappabotting-upacara-adat-perkawinan-orang-Bugis-sulawesi-selatan
( 27 Mei 2017).
“The Bugis Sulawesi,”
http://Balitouring.com/culture/Bugis.htm (27 Mei 2017).
“Tradisi
Uang Panai’’’ Bugis , Syarat adat yang tak jarang Bikin Pasangan Gagal Nikah”.http://hipwee.com/wedding/tentang-tradisi-uang-Panai’’’-asal-Bugis-sebelum-menikah-harus-membeli-pengantin-dulu/
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[1]“Bugis, Wikipedia the free
Encyclopedia. http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugis(27 Mei 2017 , dikutip dalam Akhsan
Na’im, Hendry Syaputra (2011). Kewarganegaraan, Suku Bangsa, Agama, dan
Bahasa sehari-hari Penduduk Indonesia Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2010. Badan Pusat
Statistik. ISBN 97890644175.
[2]“Bugis, Wikipedia the free
Encyclopedia. http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugis(27 Mei 2017 , dikutip dalam Keat
Gin Ooi, Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, From Angkor Wat to East
Timor.ABC-CLIO, 2004. ISBN 1-57607-770-5
[3]“Bugis, Wikipedia the free Encyclopedia.
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugis(27 Mei 2017 , dikutip dalam Said,
Nurman ( Summer 2004) . Religion and cultural Identity Among the Bugis ( A
pliminary Remark ).Inter-Religio (journal) (45): 12-20.
[4]“Bugis, Wikipedia the free
Encyclopedia. http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugis(27 Mei 2017 , dikutip dalam Mills,
R.F. 1975. Proto South Sulawesi and
Proto Austronesian Phonology. Ph.D Thesis, University of Michingan.
[5]Abdul Rahim Mallewang. Pengantar
Sosiologi.(Makassar: Gunadarma Ilmu, 2013) h.85.
[6]“The Bugis Sulawesi,” http://Balitouring.com/culture/Bugis.htm
(27 Mei 2017).
[7]“10 Types of Indonesian Wedding
Culture – Ceremonies and Customs”
http://factsofindonesia.com/Indonesian-wedding-culture. (27 Mei 2017) .
[8]“Mappabotting : Upacara adat
perkawinan Orang Bugis Sulawesi Selatan” http://Melayuonline.com/ind/culture/dig/2622/mappabotting-upacara-adat-perkawinan-orang-Bugis-sulawesi-selatan ( 27 Mei 2017).
[9]“10 Types of Indonesian Wedding
Culture – Ceremonies and Customs” http://factsofindonesia.com/Indonesian-wedding-culture.
(27 Mei 2017) .
[10] “Tradisi Uang Panai’’’ Bugis ,
Syarat adat yang tak jarang Bikin Pasangan Gagal Nikah”.http://hipwee.com/wedding/tentang-tradisi-uang-Panai’’’-asal-Bugis-sebelum-menikah-harus-membeli-pengantin-dulu/
(27 Mei 2017).
